Shares of Fifth Third Bancorp (FITB: sentiment, chart, options) have rallied more than 4% today, despite revealing a bit of bad news this morning. Specifically, the company said that its home equity portfolio is experiencing "high loss severity," and that it sees continued stress in its commercial construction portfolio throughout 2009. This hasn't stopped options traders from piling into calls, as both the January 2010 10 call and the January 2010 14 call have traded more than 20,000 contracts before noon.
Diving into the data, four blocks, totaling 20,000 contracts, traded on FITB's January 2010 10 call at 10:53 a.m. Eastern time on the NSYE Arca for the ask price of $1.75. These blocks were marked "spread." The second half of this spread took place on FITB's January 2010 14 call, where four blocks, totaling 20,000 contracts, traded at the same time on the same exchange for the bid price of $0.45. This block was also marked "spread." Given this data, it would appear that we are looking at a vertical call spread, more commonly known as a debit spread, on Fifth Third Bancorp. This options strategy is also known as a long call spread, or a bull call spread.
The Anatomy of a Fifth Third Bancorp Vertical Call Spread
Breaking down this potential debit spread position, the trader purchased 20,000 January 2010 10 calls for the ask price of $1.75, resulting in a total debit of $3,500,000 -- (1.75 * 100) * 20,000 = $3,500,000. Minus the sold leg of the debit spread, FITB would need to rally about 20%, from Tuesday's close, to $11.75 per share in order for the position to reach breakeven at expiration. Furthermore, the maximum loss on this position is limited to the initial investment of $3,500,000.
However, the second leg of the debit spread helps to offset the cost of the overall position. Specifically, the trader sold 20,000 January 2010 14 calls for the bid price of $0.45, netting a total credit of $900,000 -- (0.45 * 100) * 20,000 = $900,000. Combining this leg of the trade with the purchased January 2010 10 call lowers the total cost of the entire position to $2,600,000 -- $3,500,000 - $900,000 = $2,600,000.
The addition of the sold January 2010 14 call also lowers breakeven on the trade. To arrive at breakeven, we subtract the credit received from the sold January 2010 14 call from the debit incurred by purchasing the January 2010 10 call. We arrive at a cost of $1.30, or $130 per contract. As a result, the trader now needs FITB to rally roughly 15.4% to $11.30, from yesterday's close, in order to recoup the initial investment on the entire position.
The maximum profit is calculated by subtracting the premium paid from the difference between the two strikes, and is reached if FITB rallies to $14 per share at expiration. In this case, the maximum profit is $2.70 -- (14 - 10) – 1.30 = $2.70 -- or $270 per contract. The maximum loss is equal to the net debit of $1.30, or $130 per contract. Below is a chart for a rough visual representation of the trade's profit/loss scenario:
Implied Volatility
After the vertical call spread has been entered, increasing implied volatility is pretty much neutral to the overall position, as it lifts the value of both the sold option and the purchased option. According to IVolatility.com's calculator, implieds for the January 2010 10 call arrive at 65%, while the implied volatility for the January 2010 14 call rests at 59.6%.
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