After the final week of January brought everyone a fleeting glimpse at what a recovery might look like, February's beginning was less than encouraging. Punxsutawney Phil predicted six more weeks of winter, and the trading week began with a chilly start and a steep plunge in the major indices. Ramped-up concerns about the "R" word - recession - were compounded when data from the Institute for Supply Management revealed slowing activity in the services sector for January, marking the first contraction in nearly half a decade.
After Friday's bell sounded on a mixed trading session, the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) closed down 4.4% for the week, the Nasdaq Composite (COMP) dropped 4.5% on the week (despite a positive finish on Friday), and the S&P 500 Index (SPX) lost 4.6%. In fact, we're practically back to where we started shortly after the calendar rolled over to 2008. Which brings us to...
Lots of excitement, little net result
Let's pan out a bit. Looking back at the market's action in the past four weeks, here is just a sampling of some of the substantial single-day moves the Dow has endured. (And this list doesn't even address the wild intraday swings the blue-chip average has faced of late).
In this one-month span of time, despite the multitude of triple-digit moves, the Dow has corrected by less than 4%. It's certainly not a good four-week showing, but it also isn't worthy of the stomach distress likely stirred up by the volatile gyrations we've seen on a day-by-day basis.
On the Levels
A significant level we are watching - one that Bernie pointed out in a Short Takes posting Friday morning - is the S&P's 160-week moving average. The index failed to close the week above this trendline, which is quite disappointing after last Friday's finish on the north side of the key moving average. And of course the index is still several hundred points below its 20-month moving average, which many perceive as a threshold between bull-market and bear-market territory. On the plus side, it is still holding above key century-mark resistance at 1,300, which is also home to its 195-week trendline and Bollinger-band support.
As for other critical levels, the Russell 2000 (RUT) violated 700 in late trading on Friday, the Dow relinquished control of its 10-day and 20-day moving averages, and the COMP dropped back below its respective 160-week trendline. It wasn't a pretty week for technical analysts, but we warned that challenging August lows and overhead trendlines wouldn't be easy.
Falling into Despair?
We are seeing signs of pessimism and bearishness, but as we have pointed out before in this space, this is to be expected during sell-offs and periods of extreme volatility. Pessimism needs to reach extreme levels (indicative of absolute "despair") before rock-bottom can be declared. While some indicators are moving closer to these extremes, others still have further to fall.
Surveys have indicated a prevalent pessimistic view - the latest reading from the American Association of Individual Investors showed just 34% bulls, 30% bears. Two weeks ago, the spread between bulls and bears at Investors Intelligence had narrowed to eight percentage points. This past week, though, the bullish reading crept slightly higher (as did the bearish reading), putting the spread at nine percentage points. We would prefer to see bears outweighing bulls in this survey to contribute to a sturdy "wall of worry."
Tuesday's robust display of selling pressure did drum up some hefty pessimism among options players. Late in the session, the all-equities call/put index at the International Securities Exchange (ISE) read 74, with puts outpacing calls (a reading of 100 indicates parity between the two sides). This reading was near a historical low ... comparable to results posted in mid-January and below the ISEE reading seen at the short-term market bottom reached in August. By the week's conclusion, the all-equities call/put volume index was back up at 129. This recent action has forced a new decline in the indicator's 10-day moving average, but we've yet to interpret more than a fleeting "extreme" in pessimism.
The CBOE Market Volatility Index (VIX) is trending above its 32-week moving average. Although smart money seems to have controlled the VIX lately, we would ideally like to see a move toward the mid-40s, representing a clear break through the index's August high. A jump to these heights would match the sentiment moves occurring amid past market pullbacks. The VIX is trading 25% below its August peak; by contrast, the S&P 500 Index remains slightly below its August low (about 3%).
This week, there's the potential for more volatility, as many Federal-Reserve officials air their various opinions. St. Louis Fed President William Poole hits the podium on Monday, Janet Yellen of San Francisco's bank is up on Tuesday, and Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke (along with Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson) will testify before the Senate Banking Committee on Thursday.
Earnings trickle in from a variety of firms, including blue-chips General Motors (GM) and Coca-Cola (KO), and the economic calendar is fairly busy. Wednesday will highlight retail sales for January, export and import prices for January will hit the Street on Friday, along with capacity utilization numbers, and the Treasury Budget will be available for public consumption on Tuesday. We will continue to keep a careful eye on the technical levels we've reviewed, as well as the sentiment picture being continually painted by analysts' surveys, options activity, and other indicators.
And now a few sectors of note...
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